Irrigating and draining land



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2 Sheets (No Model.)

G. W. JAMISON. IRRIGATING AND DRAINING LAND.

Patented June 22, 1897.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. W.-JAMIS0N. IRRIGATING AND DRAINING LAND.V

No. 585,103. Patented June 22,1897.

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UNITED STATES PATENT EEicE.

GEORGE W. JAMISON, OF HARTSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

IRRIGATING AND DRAINING LAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 585,103, dated June 22,1897. Application filed September 20, 1893. Serial No. 485,983. (Nomodel.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. J AMIsoN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Hartsville, in the county of Buck and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Irrigating andDraining Land; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the same.

This invention relates to an improved means of irrigation.

The objects of my invention are, first, to provide a series ofartificial springs at any desired points whereby the land adjacentthereto can be thoroughly moistened; secondly, to provide improved meansfor regulating the height to which the water shall rise at anyparticular point; thirdly, to provide for operating any particularseries of springs While other sets remain inoperative, and, finally, toprovide for the flushing of various parts whereby they are kept fromclogging or becoming inoperative.

With these various objects in view my invention consists inthe peculiarconstruction of the several parts and their. novel combination orarrangement, all of which will be fully described hereinafter andpointed out in the claims.

In the drawings hereunto annexed and forming a part of this specication,Figure l is a longitudinal section illustrating my improved method andapparatus. Fig. 2 is a detail View of the main or receiving reservoir.Fig. 3 is a detail view. of one of the distributing-reservoirs. Fig. tisa diagrammatic plan view illustrating my improved method. Fig. 5 is adetail view of the discharge-pipe ot' the distributing-reservoir. Fig. 6is a detail view of the sectional pipe for regulating the height towhich the water shall rise.

Referring to the drawings, A indicates a supply-basin, which may beeither a natural lake, pond, 'or run, or it may be constructedartiticially by providing a dam and causing the water to accumulate.Adjacent to this basin A is a receiving-reservoir B, said reservoirbeing connected with the basin by means of two supply-pipes ct ct.

The receiver B is divided into an upper and lower compartment b and b',respectively, by means of a horizontal partition b2, and the pipes ct alead into the upper compartment just above the partition h2.

.At the head of each pipe CL is arranged a valve-casing b3, within whichare arranged the valves b4, having two sets of passages, one large, theother small, by means of which the iiow of water into the compartment bis regulated.

An opening b5 is made in the partition b2, establishing communicationbetween the upper and lower compartments, and in this opening isarranged the sectional dischargetube h, through which the water is`passed from the upper compartment into the lower one, the top of saidtube h6 being a short distance below the level of the water in thesupply-basin A, so that the water will rise in the upper compartment buntil it reaches the top of the discharge-tube 196, when it will passdown into the lower compartment and out to the distributing-reservoirand springs. This tube b6 is composed of a series of tight-iittingsections fsa, so that a tube of any desired height can be formed and thelevel at which the upper compartment will empty regulated. This is doneby simply'removing or replacing the sections f6,'and when said sectionsare removed theyl are usually slipped upon a rod 197, which projectsupwardly from the partition b2. An air-exhaust pipe 198 also leads fromthe lower into the upper compartment, so that as the water enters thelower compartment the air can escape and when the water leaves the lowercompartment the air can reenter and thushpreventthe production of avacuum. A discharge-plug b9 is also arranged in the partition b2, bymeans of which the water can be discharged directly into the lowercompartment without first rising in the upper one.

The receiving-reservoir B is usually constructed of wood and may beplaced in the ground at any suitable distance from the main basin A.

Leading from the lower compartment b is a pipe C, which connects withthe upper compartment of a distributing-reservoir B', said reservoirbeing constructed of wood and sunk a distance below thereceiving-reservoir B to give the water suflicient headway. Thisdistributing-reservoir is also provided with an upper and lowercompartment. It also has the sectional discharge-tube, the air-exhaustpipe, the rod for holding the tube-sections when notin use, and thewater-discharge plug, all being constructed and arranged exactly as inthe receiving-reservoir. Extending from the upper compartment of thisdistributingreservoir is a pipe-coupling D, which connects with aconduit of drain-tiles D', which carry the water to a series ofartificial springs E, arranged at suitable points.

At the head of the pipe D is arranged a valve-case D2, from which thecoupling D projects and in which is arranged a tube d, having passagesCZ within the ease and a series of perforations (Z2 above the ease,there being ten of such pcrforatiens, iive of which are of largediameter and five of small diameter, and surrounding this tube d is asecond tube (Z3, having iive perforations produced therein, which areadapted to register with either set ot perforatiens in the tube d andthus regulate the flew of water in the valvecase.

A tubular valve D3, having passages d", fits into the tube d andregulates the passage of water therethrough, and when it is desired tocut off the supply of water entering this tubular valve is reversed andreinserted, so as to bring its imperforate end opposite the diseharge-passage- By having a series of perforations in the tube d thewater is drawn from all directions and an even iiow maintained.

Then not in use, the tubular valve rests upon the air-exhaust pipe.

The height to which the water will rise in the distributing-reservoir isregulated by the height ofthe discharge-tubes of the receivingreservoir,and the height that it rises in the distributing-reservoir determinesthe height it will rise in the springs E E, and these springs areusually so arranged that their surface is slightly below the level ofthe top of the regulating-tube, the water being thus received at thebottom and discharged at the top of the springs, so that it will ilow upnaturally over the surface of the adjacent earth, as well as percolatethrough the soil beneath. These springs are constructed by diggingcavities or trenches at suitable point-s and filling the same withgravel er granular material, and where the conduits of drain-tiles passbeneath said gravel their joints are broken, so that the water mayescape and rise to the surface, inasmuch as water will seek its ownlevel, and as it stands at a certain level in the receiving anddistributing reservoirs it will always seek that level. `Any desirednumber of these springs can be arranged and all are governed by thedistributing-reservoir B', with which they are connected.

At the end of each line of springs is arranged a suitable vessel F,which receives the surplus water and serves as a flushing-tank toprevent the accumulation of sand and dust at the joints of the conduit,as will be eX- plained more fully hereinafter.

Leading from the lower compartment of the distributing-reservoir B is aconnecting-pipe C, which connects with a second distributingreservoirB2, which is solnewhat lower than the first one and is the same in alldetails of construction, andalso regulates its series of springs whichare connected with its upper compartment. This second distributer mayalso be connected with a third one, and so on, each set beingconstructed and operated exactly alike.

In operation the valves b4 are set to allow the desired quantity ofwater to enter the receiving-reservoir B, and the regulating-tube Z1 isbuilt up to the desired height. The water enters the upper compartmentand continues to rise until it reaches the top of the discharge-tube,when it will iiow down said tube and ent-er the lower compartment. Fromhere it passes out through Ithe pipe Cinto the upper compartment of thedistributing-reservoir. From here a part of the water will pass out tothe springs and rise to the surface, `flooding the same. A part of thewater will also accumulate in this reservoir B and pass down through itsdischarge-tube into the lower compartment and out to the nextdistributin g-reservoir,where it goes toits set of springs, and so onuntil the entire series are watered. The water as it passes along theconduit escapes at the joints and rises between the granular material,as clearly shown, and at the end of the conduit all surplus water isstored up.

In case it is desired to operate the second set of springs and not theIirst set the waterdischarge plug of the reservoir B is pulled out,allowing the water to pass directly into the second reservoir B2. Inthis manner any particular set of springs can be operated, while theothers remain dry.

Should it be desired to draw off the water of the Iirst set of springs,it can be accomplished by withdrawing the water-discharge plug, when thewater will flow back from the springs to the lower compartment and intothe next reservoir B2. The water in the flushing-tank also tlows backand, having considerable headway, will clear away all sand and dirt thatmay accumulate about the joints of the drain-tile conduits. This iushingmay be accomplished by simply withdrawing the water-discharge plug fromthe reservoir next preceding the flushtank, thus permitting the waterwhich has accumulated in the flushtank and the spring through which thetank is supplied to iiow backward, the water-discharge plugs of theseveral reservoirs in succession being withdrawn with like effect, sothat the water accumulated in the chambers b above the inlet end of thepipes C will low through said pipes into the chambers ZJ'.

Should any part of the ground become flooded by rains, it can be drainedinto the reservoirs below in a similar manner to that described fordraining the springs.

It will thus be seen that I provide a simple method and means forcarrying it out, and it IOO IIO

will also be seen that I can supply water to or withdraw it from anypart of the land comprised in my system.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isl. The combinationwith a water-supply accumulated at a definite height, of one or moreartificial springs formed in the ground, and opening directly at thesurface of the ground slightly below the water-supply, and conduitsconnecting the bottom of said springs with the water-supply, whereby thewater will rise in said springs to tle height of the water-supply, andflow out over the ground, substantially as described.'

2. The combination with a reservoirrforming a water-supply at apredetermined level, of a gradually falling series of artificialsprings, opening directly at the surface of the ground, means fordischarging a portion of the water to the springs on the level nextbelow the water-supply and means for running the undistributed portionof water to the level of the springs next below the preceding sets insuccession, and discharging the same at the bottoms thereof, whereby thewater will rise in said springs to the height of the water-supply andflow out over the ground substantially as described.

3. The combination with a water-supply, of a series of cavities in theground iilled with granular material and having their openings slightlybelow the water-supply, and an underground conduit provided withoutlets, said outlets being arranged at the bottom of thecavitiesthereby discharging water upwardly through the springs,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination with a water-supply, of an underground conduit laidin sections, each succeeding section lying in a lower plane than thepreceding one, said conduit being provided at intervals withwater-outlets, cavities filled with granular material and arranged abovesaid outlets, and means for supplying and cutting off any one or more ofthe sections at will, substantially as described.

5. The combination with the water-supply, of the underground conduitsprovided at intervals with water-outlets, cavities filled with granularmaterial and arranged above said outlet, and a reservoir connected tothe inlet end of each conduit and to the water-supply and provided withmeans for controlling the supply of water to the conduits, substantiallyas described.

6. In combination, a receiving-reservoir, a pipe leading therefrom7 adistributingreservoir, a conduit leading therefrom, and communicating atthe bottom with a series of articial springs, a pipe also leading fromsaid reservoir and connecting with a second distributing-reservoir,substantially as shown and described.

7. In combination, a reservoir, having an upper and lower compartmentand a sectional discharge-tube in the upper compartment, and leadinginto the lower one, substantially as shown and described.

8. In combination, a reservoir having an upper and lower compartment, asectional discharge-tube, and an air-exhaust pipe all arrangedsubstantially as. shown and described.

9. In a receiving-reservoir having an upper and lower compartment, thesupply-pipes, the valve-cases connected therewith, each carrying avalve, the sectional discharge-pipe, the airexhaust pipe and thewater-discharge plug, all arranged substantially as shown and described.

10. In combination, a reservoir made in two compartments, the sectionaldischarge-tube, the air-exhaust pipe and the Water-discharge plug, allarranged substantially as shown and described.

1l. In combination, a reservoir divided into an upper and lowercompartment, the conduit and pipes leading from said reservoir, thesectional discharge-tube and the water-discharge plug, all arranged asset forth.

12. In combination, a reservoir divided into an upper and lowercompartment, the conduit leading from the upper one, the pipe leadingfrom the lower one, the sectional tube, the water-plug and the flushingvessel, arranged at the end of the conduit, substantially as shown anddescribed.

13. In combination, a reservoir having an upper and lower compartment, asupply-pipe leading into the upper compartment, a discharge-pipe leadingfrom the lower one, a conduit leading from the upper one, a valve casingarranged at the head of said conduit, a tube arranged therein and havingtwo -sets of perforations, a tube surrounding the rstnamed tube, and atubularvalve arranged within the tube and casing, substantially as shownand described.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

GEORGE W. JAMISON.

W'itnesses:

WM. STUCKERT, EMILIE O. JAMIsoN.

